Sex addiction is characterized by compulsive sexual thoughts and behaviors that interfere with daily life and relationships. Like substance abuse, sex can trigger the release of endorphins and dopamine, reinforcing behavior in a way that mirrors drug addiction (Carnes, 2001). Unlike drugs, however, sex is a natural biological function, which makes this addiction more complex. People with sex addiction often feel compelled to seek sexual gratification repeatedly, even when it results in harm to their relationships, work, or health.
Symptoms of Sex Addiction
Those with sex addiction may engage in sexual behavior despite a desire to stop, neglect responsibilities, or feel anxious when unable to fulfill sexual urges. Common signs include engaging with multiple partners, lying or cheating to obtain sex, spending excessive time in sexual pursuits, and increasing sexual activity to achieve satisfaction. Withdrawal symptoms such as depression or irritability may occur when sex is unavailable (Kafka, 2010).
Is Sex Addiction Real?
The legitimacy of sex addiction remains controversial in the psychological community. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has not formally recognized sex addiction as a distinct disorder. In DSM-IV, it appeared under “Sexual Disorders,” but only gambling addiction is formally recognized as a non-substance-related addiction in DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Nonetheless, the compulsive patterns associated with sex addiction mirror those seen in other behavioral addictions.
Types of Sex Addiction
Sex addiction can manifest in many forms, such as hypersexuality (frequent sex with multiple partners), voyeurism, compulsive masturbation, excessive pornography consumption, and seeking prostitution. Other behaviors include exploiting partners’ boundaries or engaging in sadomasochistic acts to satisfy compulsive urges. Each manifestation can have varying effects on the individual’s well-being and relationships (Carnes, 2001).
Connection to Prostitution
The relationship between sex addiction and prostitution is multifaceted. Some sex addicts may engage in prostitution or frequently hire sex workers to fulfill their compulsions. However, prostitution itself often stems from other issues, such as substance abuse or human trafficking, and should not always be directly linked to sex addiction (Gold & Heffner, 1998).
Sex Addiction and Mental Health
Sex addicts often experience intense feelings of guilt, shame, and frustration. These emotional states may interfere with their responsibilities and daily life. Some may use sex as a form of self-medication, particularly when dealing with conditions like depression. Approximately 28% of male sex addicts report co-occurring depression (Carnes, 2001).
Sex Addiction and Substance Use Disorders
There is a strong correlation between sex addiction and substance use disorders. Studies show that about 80% of sex addicts also struggle with substance abuse, with alcohol being the most common. This comorbidity can intensify risky behaviors and complicate recovery, highlighting the need for integrated treatment approaches (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2020).
Treatment Options
Recovery is possible through therapy and support. Effective treatment often includes addressing co-occurring issues such as trauma, depression, or substance abuse. Interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), group therapy, and couples counseling can help individuals regain control and build healthier relationships (Laaser, 2004).
New Dimensions Can Help
If you or someone you know who struggles with sex addiction, mental health issues, or substance abuse, New Dimensions can help. New Dimensions offers an Intensive Outpatient Program for Dual Diagnosis to address mental health and substance use disorders. In this program you develop the coping skills you need to face life’s challenges and overcome the problems that contribute to poor mental health and addiction issues. Our team of experienced therapists and psychiatrists can help you develop the skills you need to thrive. To schedule a complementary assessment or to find out more about our programs, contact us at 1-800-685-9796 or visit www.nddtreatment.com.
Our affiliate, MHThrive, provides Individual Therapy, Couples and Marriage Counseling, and Family Therapy at our locations in Katy, The Woodlands, and the Clear Lake area of Houston, Texas. We also provide telehealth therapy for anyone who resides within the State of Texas. To schedule an appointment with one of the MHThrive therapists, contact us at 713-477-0333 or visit www.mhthrive.com to learn more.
References
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC.
- Carnes, P. (2001). Out of the shadows: Understanding sexual addiction. Hazelden Publishing.
- Gold, S. N., & Heffner, C. L. (1998). Sexual addiction: Many conceptions, minimal data. Clinical Psychology Review, 18(3), 367–381.
- Kafka, M. P. (2010). Hypersexual disorder: A proposed diagnosis for DSM-V. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(2), 377–400.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2020). Sexual addiction and substance use disorders. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/